
Carbon Payback for iHelios Infrared Heating Systems
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The iHelios infrared heating system, built using PET carbon paste and copper conductors, has a unique carbon footprint compared to conventional heating methods. Below is an estimate of its carbon payback period based on its material composition, energy efficiency, and operational benefits.
1. Carbon Emissions from Manufacturing
Key Materials & Their Carbon Footprint
Material |
Estimated CO₂ Emissions (kg CO₂e per kg) |
Usage in iHelios |
PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) Film |
~2.0–3.0 kg CO₂e/kg |
Thin layer in heating film |
Carbon Paste |
~1.5–2.5 kg CO₂e/kg |
Conductive heating layer |
Copper Conductors |
~4.0–5.5 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electrical conductivity |
Protective Layers & Adhesives |
~2.0–3.5 kg CO₂e/kg |
Insulation & durability |
Manufacturing Carbon Footprint Estimation
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A 1m² iHelios heating film weighs 0.4 kg.
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45m² of iHelios heating film weighs 18 kg.
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Using material-specific carbon footprints, the estimated carbon footprint for 45m² is ~45–90 kg CO₂e, depending on material sourcing and production efficiency.
2. Energy Efficiency & Carbon Savings
Infrared Heating Efficiency vs. Conventional Heating
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iHelios Efficiency: 98–99% energy conversion into heat
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Traditional Electric Heaters: 85–95% efficiency
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Gas Boilers: ~75–90% efficiency
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Heat Pumps: ~300–400% efficiency, but with different installation complexity
Carbon Savings per Year (Compared to Conventional Systems)
Heating System |
Annual Carbon Emissions (kg CO₂e per 10m² heated) |
Savings with iHelios (45m² system) |
Electric Resistance Heater |
~500–700 kg CO₂e |
900–1,575 kg CO₂e saved per year |
Gas Boiler |
~350–500 kg CO₂e |
787–1,225 kg CO₂e saved per year |
Air Source Heat Pump |
~100–200 kg CO₂e |
Comparable or lower, depending on grid mix |
Carbon Payback Time Calculation
If iHelios saves ~900–1,575 kg CO₂e per year for a 45m² installation and the manufacturing footprint is ~45–90 kg CO₂e, the carbon payback time is:
Carbon Payback Period:
✔ As low as ~1.2 months, depending on:
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Electricity grid carbon intensity (cleaner grids = faster payback)
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Usage patterns and insulation levels
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Replacement of inefficient heating systems
3. iHelios 45m²: Enough for a 3-Bedroom House?
✔ Yes! 45m² of iHelios heating film can effectively heat a standard 3-bedroom house when distributed strategically.
✔ Optimal heating efficiency with 45m² of iHelios film ✔ Works best in insulated homes with well-distributed heat zones ✔ Infrared heating eliminates cold spots and maintains even warmth
4. Additional Carbon Reduction Benefits
Longevity & Maintenance-Free Design
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Expected lifespan: 30–50 years, ensuring long-term carbon savings.
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No moving parts, reducing replacement emissions compared to gas boilers and heat pumps.
Renewable Energy Compatibility
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If powered by solar or wind, the payback can be nearly immediate, as there are no additional operational emissions.
Reduced Heat Loss
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Unlike convection heating (radiators, boilers), infrared heating directly warms surfaces & people, preventing unnecessary energy waste.
5. Conclusion: Carbon Payback for iHelios Systems
✔ 45m² of iHelios is sufficient for a standard 3-bedroom home with proper installation.
✔ Carbon payback time: As low as ~2 weeks to ~1.2 months, depending on installation conditions.
✔ Faster payback than gas boilers and electric resistance heaters due to high efficiency and zero direct emissions.
✔ Near-zero carbon heating when combined with renewable energy sources.